Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Caffeinated Energy Drinkers (Case-Control Study)

Background: The energy drinks industry has experienced significant growth over recent years, with numerous brands available globally and its consumption reached 4.8 billion liters in 2011. These beverages are known for providing an extra burst of energy, promoting wakefulness, enhancing attention, maintaining alertness, and improving athletic performance. Energy drinks are liquid products that generally contain caffeine, sometimes combined with additional dietary supplements. Previous studies have found that regular consumption of these beverages is linked to various health and behavioral issues. Such as metabolic syndrome which is characterized by the presence of multiple major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar levels, increasing in body mass index and dyslipidemia. Methodology: This case-control study investigated the effects of energy drink consumption on various metabolic parameters and other physiological problems among 50 participants divided into two groups 30 cases and 20 controls aged between 18-34 years. The entire research project was completed in five months. The parameters were divided into Lipid profile, Hypertension, Fasting blood sugar, Body mass index, and questionnaires for Sleep cycle, Mood swing, and Appetite changes. Results: This research found non-significant outcomes of lipid profile parameters: Total cholesterol (p = 0.469) Triglycerides (p = 0.304) LDL Cholesterol (p = 0.185) HDL Cholesterol (p = 0.304), and regarding to physiological parameters results was: blood pressure (p = 0.573), fasting blood sugar (p = 0.937), The findings were mixed, revealing both significant and nonsignificant correlations such as FBS and BMI (p = 0.937, r = 0.011), Triglyceride and BMI (p = 0.312, r = 0.146) Cholesterol and BMI (p = 0.477, r = -0.103) HDL and LDL (p = 0.102, r = - 0.234) . Conclusions: The research yielded several significant and non-significant findings regarding both metabolic syndrome, physiological and behavioral aspects of energy drink consumption. The results of this research were confirmed by other researches, however some results were nonidentical with the parameters metabolic syndrome.