The Role of Interelukin -6, Resistin and Cystatin C in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Studies have found that Chronic Kidney
Disease (CKD) is fairly prevalent throughout the world. Due to
their comorbidities and lifestyle, patients receiving hemodialysis
for chronic renal illness are more prone to show changes in some
biochemical indicators. The present work was conducted to study
the role of some biochemical factors, including interleukin-6,
resistin, and cystatin C. and the relationship between cystatin C
and creatinine in order to track the progression of individuals with
chronic renal disease.
Objective: Due to the rise in instances of chronic kidney disease in
Mosul city, the primary objective of the study was to examine
levels of interelukin_6, Resistin , Cystatin C and some biochemical
parameters in the blood of patients and compare their levels in
healthy people, and to investigate the relationship of serum
interelukin _6 with the development of the disease.
Materials and methods: The study enrolled (80) cases of well
diagnosed chronic kidney disease Iraqi patients, while the healthy
group included (79) individuals. The age of both groups ranged
between 18 and 55 years. Blood samples (5ml) have been used for
serum separation , which is in turn used in the biochemical
analysis, which included determination of biochemical parameters
(interleukin-6, resistin, and cystatin C) using the protocol of
ELISA kit, while estimated Cystatin C / Creatinine ratio .
Results: The study's findings revealed that the levels of
interleukin-6, resistin, cystatin C, and creatinine had increased
significantly (P ≤ 0.01). The cystatin C/creatinine ratio was found
to be significantly (P≤0.01) higher in the patient group as
compared to the control group, A substantial significant at (P ≤
0.01) decrease in albumin concentration was noted, whereas C
reactive protein concentration and the C-reactive protein/albumin
ratio did not differ significantly at (P ≤ 0.05) between the patient
group and the control group. A correlation study has been done
between the parameters (interleukin-6, resistin and cystatin C)
and other biochemical parameters. IL-6- shows a significant
positive correlation with cystatin C and the cystatin C/ Creatinine
ratio(r = 0.504, p = 0.02 and r = 0.5, p = 0.01 respectively), while
non significant with other parameters ,there is a highly significant
positive association between Resistin and creatinine as well as
between Cystatin C /creatinine ratio in the group of patients with
CKD (r= 0.305, p=0.01, and r= 0.30, p=0.05, respectively). On
other hand there was non significant correlation with other
parameters. The results revealed the presence of significant
positive correlation of Cystatin C associated with IL-6- and
Cystatin C / Creatinine ratio ( r= 0.504, p=0.02 and r= 0.63,p=0.00
respectivly ), There was non significant correlation between ( IL
6- ,Resistin, Cystatin C) and other paramerters .
Conclusion: A high concentration of IL-6, Resistin, and Cystatin
C is associated with chronic kidney disease. The development of
the disease is tightly correlated with the studied biochemical
characteristics.