Determination of Trace Elements (Copper, Zinc and Iron) and some Biochemical Variables in Patients with Kidney Failure Using a Spectrophotometer

Background: A disorder known as chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) causes a significant loss of many kidney function units, nephrons, which negatively affects kidney functions and leads to their decline. It also results in a decrease in kidney mass, which in turn leads to hypertrophy of the remaining nephrons. Aims: The study's objective was to ascertain the kidney failure patients' trace element and biochemical parameter concentrations. Methods and Material: The study included drawing blood samples from 40 healthy individuals who did not suffer from any chronic diseases, aged between 20-40 years. After drawing the blood was placed in anticoagulant glass tubes and left at temperature (25°C). Then were separated in a centrifuge. Blood serum was gathered using a precise pipette, and the samples were subsequently preserved at 20°C until needed. The spectrophotometer was used to estimate the concentrations of trace elements and some biochemical parameters. Results: Research indicates that CKD patients have a critical trace element imbalance, and treatment centered around these elements is a promising direction for the years to come. Comprehending trace element balance is essential to extending the illness's course and improving the prognosis of individuals with chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: The study revealed a decrease in trace element concentrations (zinc, iron) and an increase in copper in kidney failure patients, with no significant difference in male and female genders. Biochemical variables showed an increase in urea and creatinine concentrations, but no significant differences in sexes.