Understanding the Key Environmental Risks and Their Sustainability Assessment Indicators

Environmental risks across the world are growing rapidly. Certainly, the quality of life in cities varies as a consequence of human activity, and those cities must adapt to an uncertain future; this process involves a series of transformations in our environment as well as socio-technical systems. Environmental risks can have a complex impact that threatens human health and social relationships. For instance, often, the adapting to climate change leads to misunderstandings and conflict among local, regional, and international parties. This review paper concentrated environmental risks and identified related environmental sustainability indicators that contribute to monitoring environmental systems and alerting to threats before they occur based on a literature review. The key findings are: firstly, transforming such an environment into a long-term sustainable environment will necessarily require a thorough understanding of environmental risks and how they interact with the environment, as well as a thorough understanding of the indicators used to assess environmental systems and monitor them; Secondly, to create a more sustainable environment, a systemic set of indicators should be formulated based on environmental risk type. These indicators need to be measured and monitored for environmental impacts as well as to assess the state of the ecosystem. And finally, environmental sustainability reports and studies could be able to share more executable information, but they would need time, flexibility, and periodic sharing.