Evaluation the Activity of Leptin and Oxyntomodulin in Obese, Overweight and Healthy Individuals

Background and Objective: A high level of body fat is a chronic disorder known as obesity. It is unknown how gastrointestinal hormones and obesity are related. The human biological system has various neuroendocrine inputs for managing food intake, including effects on appetite regulation and satiety signals. One of the recent new parameters for evaluating obesity is serum Oxyntomodulin and Leptin which is thought to be due to a disruption in the levels of these hormones. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastrointestinal hormones and their impact in obese and non-obese individuals. Methods: This comparative study carried out at the Biochemistry Unit/ Basic Science College of Medicine-Hawler Medical University, from September 1st, 2021 to March 30th, 2022. A total number (76) participants Obese and non-Obese individuals (30-66 years) age ranged both males and females at (Hawler Cardiac Center, and Erbil’s Court). Fasting blood specimens were collected from participants. The following parameters were measured (OXM, and Leptin) along with (T.C, TGs, HDL, LDL, and VLDL). Results: In this study represented 39% Male, and 37% Female obese. Du to the BMI of participants, a significant association (P < 0.001) observed between OXM, Leptin, and BMI, Pearson correlation analysis showed that Leptin was positively correlated with TG and VLDL (p<0.05), a significant association of Leptin/OXM ratio, Leptin/BMI ratio and OXM/BMI ratio in obese Individuals. Conclusion: Due to low levels of OXM with high Leptin levels in obese individuals and strong relationship between these hormones and BMI, the findings from this study clearly show that body weight gain and increased hunger are linked to the effects of these hormones in obesity.