Anti-parkinsonian Activity of Borago Officinalis Ethanolic Extract in Rotenone- Induced Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract—Background: Parkinson disease (PD) was one of the most prevalent slow-moving, age-related neurodegenerative diseases, which is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Bradykinesia, stiffness, postural instability, akinesia, and tremor are some clinical motor signs of PD.This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and anti- inflammatory effects of B.Officinalis extract. Materials and Methods:The 70 healthy male Albino rats used in this experiment study,the first group was designated as the healthy control group and other rats were orally administered sinemet (10mg/kg) and B. Officinalis extracts concentrations of (62.5,125,250 and 500mg/kg) respectively followed by intraperitonially (IP) 2.5 mg/kg of rotenone every other day for 21 days.At day 22, 24 hours following the last dose, behavioral tests were carried out to compare the progression of Parkinsonism and the efficacy of the treatment. Each rat was put on a rotarod for three trials and then left in the open field test for ten minutes.The mid-brain samples from each animal were then taken to analyze the tissue levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),malondialedyhde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). Results:Rats treated with B. Officinalis concentrations (125,250 and500 mg/kg) significantly increased the rotation distance, time of rotation,number of visits to the center area andnumber of crossing lines of the rats with Parkinsonism. Rats treated withB. Officinalis concentrations of(125,250 and500 mg/kg) exhibits a significant decrease in MDA, IL-1 levels and increase in TAOC. Conclusion:Investigations indicate the anti-Parkinsonlike activity of B. Officinalis,which alleviates the Parkinsonism induced by rotenone (ROT) in male rats through exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.