Reviews and Pedagogical Concerns of Online Learning Models During the Pandemic Covid-19

The substantial advances in technology over the last three decades have put it in the foreground in almost all of our modern life sectors. Education, just like other sectors, attracted many technological applications to its routine delivery approaches, which made it an essential part of the modern learning process. However, the massive increase in the reliance on technology that are normally triggered by crises such as the recent pandemic Covid-19 transformed the role of technology from being the catalyst to the learning process into being the main carrier. Many colleges and universities around the world shifted their learning style to be entirely online, hence, emerged the need to implement some of the online learning models that have been in use for the last two decades. The purpose of this fundamental research paper is to look at the pros and cons of some of the most common online learning models that have been used by more educational institutions as a result of crises like the pandemic. Although such models have been in use before the pandemic, the recently increased usage of online learning has exposed some pedagogical concerns that were not as clear. The results showed that along with many pedagogical obstacles, online learners who cannot do most of the learning requirements independently are unable to engage effectively in an online learning environment.