In Vivo Study of the Effects of Origanum Vulgare Aqueous Extract on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Sprague Dawley Rat

Gastric ulcer, characterized by the erosion of the stomach mucosa, represents a persistent condition rooted in the delicate balance between aggressive factors and mucosal defenses. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of herbal medicine derived from Origanum Vulgare against the conventional drug omeprazole in ulcer prevention. Utilizing Albino male rats, several experimental groups were formed: a positive control group induced with ethanol and dissected after one hour, a negative control group fed normally, rats induced with ethanol and pre-treated with Origanum Vulgare aqueous extracts at both low (300mg/kg) and high (600mg/kg) doses, and a group administered with the standard drug omeprazole at 20mg/kg. Results revealed notable ulcer inhibition percentages for Origanum Vulgare at both high (85.75%) and low (81.68%) doses, compared to omeprazole (87.38%). The observed ulcer inhibition rates in Origanum Vulgare groups were significantly superior to both the omeprazole and control groups. Additionally, Origanum Vulgare exhibited a substantial reduction in stomach index and cellular proliferation, accompanied by diminished cell damage. These findings underscore the heightened efficacy of higher doses of Origanum Vulgare aqueous extracts over lower doses in ulcer prevention.