Computed Tomography Diagnostic Reference Levels in Middle Eastern Healthcare: A Systematic Review

Continuous advancements in computed tomography technology have improved image quality, reduced scanning times, and expanded the range of applications of Computed tomography (CT). As a consequence, the quantity of CT examinations performed has increased steadily over the last several decades. Therefore, the increase in the population’s exposure to ionizing radiation results in an increased risk of cancer. The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is one method for optimising radiation protection, as recommended by the ICRP. The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is one of the tools for the optimization of radiation in CT. The goal was to identify the reasons and extent of differences in radiation doses reported in studies for the same type of CT scan across different countries in the Middle East. This review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The literature search was conducted in PubMed, and Google Scholar up to 16 Feb 2024. The study revealed that the significant variation in dose across different countries in the Middle East could be attributed to differences in patient body sizes, technical parameters, and the various CT facilities. Regulatory bodies need to embrace and enforce DRL concepts within their facilities to reduce the significant variation in doses and a globally accepted standard of DRLs should be developed to make a meaningful comparison with international bodies.